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Weeds of Rain Fed Lowland Rice Fields of Laos and Cambodia

Monica L. Naples & Paul J. A. Kessler

National Herbarium Nederland - Leiden Branch
The Netherlands

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Introduction

These data on weeds of rain fed lowland rice fields of Laos and Cambodia were collected in DELTA format and are a result of the research performed by M.L. Naples, an MSc student of the National Herbarium of the Netherlands in Leiden. The aim of her research, which is part of the project “Open Source for Weed Assessment in Lowland Paddy Fields” (OSWALD), was to address the issue of slow increasing rice productivity in Laos and Cambodia caused by weeds by creating a tool for decision-making in weed identification and control.  This tool is targeted toward agricultural extension workers and rice farmers at the village level (Grard, 2004), as well as others involved in rice and weed management research, and will be made available in a practical format.  The final product of this research is an interactive weed identification key, which includes information on the biology, ecology, morphology, management, economic and ethnobotanical uses and vernacular names of about 80 weed genera and species that can be used in the field to facilitate identification, control and understanding of common weed genera and species of rain fed lowland rice fields of Laos and Cambodia.

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Descriptions

• Alismataceae ~ Sagittaria Rupp. ex L. • Amaranthaceae ~ Alternanthera Forssk. • Aponogetonaceae ~ Aponogeton L. f. • Araceae ~ Pistia L. • Azollaceae ~ Azolla Lam. • Boraginaceae ~ Heliotropium L. • Campanulaceae ~ Lobelia L. • Cleomaceae ~ Cleome L. • Commelinaceae ~ Commelina Plum. ex L. • Commelinaceae ~ Cyanotis D. Don • Commelinaceae ~ Murdannia Royle • Compositae ~ Eclipta L. • Convolvulaceae ~ Ipomoea L. • Cyperaceae ~ Cladium P. Browne • Cyperaceae ~ Cyperus L. • Cyperaceae ~ Eleocharis R. Br. • Cyperaceae ~ Fimbristylis Vahl • Cyperaceae ~ Lipocarpha R. Br. • Cyperaceae ~ Rhynchospora Vahl • Cyperaceae ~ Scirpus L. • Cyperaceae ~ Scleria P.J. Bergius • Droseraceae ~ Drosera L. • Elatinaceae ~ Bergia L. • Elatinaceae ~ Elatine L. • Eriocaulaceae ~ Eriocaulon L. • Gramineae ~ Arundo Tourn. ex L. • Gramineae ~ Coix L. • Gramineae ~ Cynodon Rich. • Gramineae ~ Dactyloctenium Willd. • Gramineae ~ Digitaria Heist. ex Adans. • Gramineae ~ Echinochloa P. Beauv. • Gramineae ~ Eleusine Gaertn. • Gramineae ~ Eriochloa H.B. & K. • Gramineae ~ Isachne R. Br. • Gramineae ~ Ischaemum L. • (Variant) Gramineae ~ Leersia Sol. ex Sw. • Gramineae ~ Leptochloa P. Beauv. • Gramineae ~ Oryza L. • Gramineae ~ Panicum L. • Gramineae ~ Paspalum L. • Gramineae ~ Sacciolepis Nash • Gramineae ~ Urochloa P. Beauv. • Guttiferae ~ Hypericum L. • Hydrocharitaceae ~ Blyxa Noronha ex Thouars • Hydrocharitaceae ~ Hydrilla Rich. • Hydrocharitaceae ~ Najas L. • Hydrocharitaceae ~ Ottelia Pers. • Hydrophyllaceae ~ Hydrolea L. • Labiatae ~ Mesona Blume • Leguminosae (Papilionoideae) ~ Aeschynomene L. • Leguminosae (Papilionoideae) ~ Alysicarpus Neck. ex Desv. • Leguminosae (Papilionoideae) ~ Sesbania Scop. • Lentibulariaceae ~ Utricularia L. • Limnocharitaceae ~ Limnocharis Humb. & Bonpl. • Limnocharitaceae ~ Tenagocharis Hochst. • Lythraceae ~ Ammannia L. • Lythraceae ~ Rotala L. • Malvaceae ~ Hibiscus L. • Marsileaceae ~ Marsilea L. • Menyanthaceae ~ Nymphoides Sιg. • Menyanthaceae ~ Villarsia Vent. • Onagraceae ~ Ludwigia L. • Parkeriaceae ~ Ceratopteris Brongn. • Philydraceae ~ Philydrum Banks ex Gaertn. • Polygonaceae ~ Polygonum L. • Pontederiaceae ~ Eichhornia Kunth • Pontederiaceae ~ Monochoria C. Presl • Salviniaceae ~ Salvinia Sιg. • Scrophulariaceae ~ Bacopa Aubl. • Scrophulariaceae ~ Centranthera R. Br. • Scrophulariaceae ~ Dopatrium Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. • Scrophulariaceae ~ Limnophila R. Br. • Scrophulariaceae ~ Lindernia All. • Scrophulariaceae ~ Scoparia L. • Sphenocleaceae ~ Sphenoclea Gaertn. • Sterculiaceae ~ Melochia Dill. ex . • Sterculiaceae ~ Pentapetes L. • Typhaceae ~ Typha L. • Verbenaceae ~ Phyla Lour. • Violaceae ~ Hybanthus Jacq. • Vitidaceae ~ Cissus L. • Xyridaceae ~ Xyris Gronov. ex L.

 

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to Hans Nooteboom (NHN-L) for sharing his expertise on the use of the DELTA  & Intkey programs; Don Kirkup and Rogier de Kok of Kew Gardens for their assistance with the DELTA & Intkey programs Jan Frits Veldkamp (NHN-L) for sharing his extensive knowledge of the Poaceae family; Anita Walsmit Sachs (NHN-L) for her beautiful illustrations of botanical characters; Pierre Grard (CIRAD & OSWALD) for granting me use of his wonderful photos of rice weeds; IRRI and BASF for allowing me use of their photos of rice weeds; BIOTROP for their permission to use illustrations from Weeds of Rice in Indonesia (Kostermans et al, 1987); Vincent Kessler for his scanning of the illustrations from Weeds of Rice in Indonesia; Niels Raes for his lovely map of Laos & Cambodia for use on the Interactive key CD-ROM; and Marcela Apariciofor her help with the DELTA program.

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Citation

Cite this publication as:

Naples, M.L. & P.J.A. Kessler. Weeds of Rain Fed Lowland Rice Fields of Laos & Cambodia. Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. Version: 12 september 2005. http://www.nationaalherbarium.nl

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