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BLUMEA BLUMEA[Top of this page] [Catalogue of publications] [NHN]
A revision of the genus Drymophloeus (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Ptychospermatinae) recognizes seven species, distributed from the Maluku Islands of Indonesia to Western Samoa. The history of the genus is reviewed. A key, species descriptions, a complete list of synonymy, a list of specimens examined, illustrations and distribution maps are provided. A phylogenetic hypothesis is provided, as well as a discussion of biogeography. The new combination Drymophloeus hentyi is made to accommodate a species formerly included in the genus Ptychosperma.
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S. Thomas
Two sections in the genus Calanthe, sect. Caulodes and sect. Rhodochilus are combined. Six names are reduced to synonymy.
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E.J. Gouda & G. Gusman
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A. Hay
The genus Homalomena Schott is revised for New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands. 19 species are recognised, of which 10 are new to science. Three are rheophytes. Homalomena novoguineensis Engl., H. klossii Ridl., H. ledermannii Engl. & K. Krause, H. moskowskii Engl. & K. Krause and H. carrii Furtado are reduced to the synonymy of H. schlechteri Engl. Homalomena apiculata Ridl., H. engleri Bogner and Diandriella novoguineensis Engl. are reduced to the synonymy of H. stollei Engl. & K. Krause. Homalomena versteegii Engl. and H. lilacina Alderw. are synonyms of H. lauterbachii Engl. and H. inaequalis Ridl. is a synonym of H. distans Ridl. The cultivated Homalomena lindenii (Rodigas) Ridl., allegedly from Papuasia, could not be matched with any species in the area under study and is left as a species dubia. Medicinal and ritual uses, including alleged psychoactive properties, are noted.
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W. Stuppy, P.C. van Welzen, P. Klinratana & M.C.T. Posa
The three closely related genera Aleurites J.R. Forst. & G. Forst., Reutealis Airy Shaw and Vernicia Lour., together constituting the subtribe Aleuritinae of the tribe Aleuritideae (Euphorbiaceae subfamily Crotonoideae), are revised. Originally included in Aleurites, Reutealis and Vernicia are considered generically distinct on account of differences in the indumentum, leaf base, inflorescences, number of stamens and fruit type. This distinction has also been confirmed by a recent phylogenetic analysis. Aleurites (2 species) differs from Reutealis and Vernicia by the more numerous stamens arranged in 4 rather than in 2 whorls, and the indehiscent fruits. The monotypic genus Reutealis can easily be distinguished from Aleurites and Vernicia by its five-ribbed angular rather than terete twigs, the presence of rather persistent, hooded bracts, and spatulately flattened rather than terete stigmas. Vernicia (3 species) differs from the other two genera by its large and showy flowers arranged in corymbiform rather than in pyramidal thyrses and the lack of stellate hairs. Moreover, in Vernicia lobed leaves show conspicuous glands at the nadir of each sinus while in Aleurites these glands are absent (leaves of Reutealis are never lobed).
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Paul I. Forster & Peter C. van Welzen
Choriceras is represented by a single species in southern New Guinea (C. tricorne), as is Petalostigma (P. pubescens). The two species also occur in northern Australia. Fontainea comprises two endemic species in New Guinea (F. borealis and F. subpapuana).
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Stefan Dressler
The Philippine species of the euphorbiaceous genus Cleistanthus are revised. Sixteen species are recognised for this archipelago of which two are recorded from there for the first time. The oldest available combination from the Philippines [C. orgyalis (Blanco) Merr.] remains obscure and three collections from Palawan are tentatively treated as a separate taxon (C. spec. A). Three species are illustrated here and distribution maps for the Philippines are given for all species.
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Hans-Joachim Esser
The Hippomaneae (Euphorbiaceae) are revised for Malesia. Only Excoecaria and Homalanthus are excluded. A key to all Malesian genera is provided. The generic concepts applied differ markedly from previous treatments for the region with the following genera accepted: Balakata, Falconeria, Gymnanthes, Microstachys, Sapium, Shirakiopsis, Stillingia and Triadica. All of these genera show peculiarities in biogeography and ecology, which are discussed.
Among these genera only Stillingia is kept as traditionally used. Balakata (based on Sapium sect. Pleurostachya) and Shirakiopsis (based on Sapium sect. Parasapium but excluding its type) are described as new genera; Falconeria, Microstachys and Triadica are re-established as distinct genera having been treated as Sapium sect. Falconeria, Sebastiania sect. Microstachys and Sapium sect. Triadica for a long time. Gymnanthes is cited for the first time in Malesia based on two former species of Sebastiania, and the African genus Duvigneaudia is united with it. Sapium and Sebastiania are no longer considered as indigenous to Malesia, with Sapium (= Sapium sect. Americana) formerly being cultivated.
Altogether 13 species are accepted in the present revision. No new species are described, but only two of the well-known names are accepted as previously used (Sapium glandulosum, Stillingia lineata subsp. pacifica). Numerous new combinations are proposed in the present revision: Balakata baccata, Balakata luzonica, Gymnanthes borneensis, Gymnanthes inopinata, Gymnanthes remota, Shirakiopsis indica, Shirakiopsis sanchezii, Shirakiopsis virgata. Several other, previously available but uncommon names are re-introduced, namely Falconeria insignis, Microstachys chamaelea, Triadica cochinchinensis (the correct name for the former Sapium discolor), and Triadica sebifera. Finally, two new synonyms are proposed by uniting Sebastiania lancifolia with Gymnanthes borneensis, and Sapium plumerioides with Stillingia lineata subsp. pacifica. Lectotypes are selected for eight names.
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Yde S.D.M. De Jong, Creusa Hitipeuw & Willem F. Prud’Homme Van Reine
A cladistic analysis, based on a taxonomic revision is carried out for 7 Acanthophora species using 19 characters. Hypotheses on species affinities are based primarily on morphological characters. Because most species show only few distinctive characters, emphasis was placed on features of spine development, either in relation to vegetative or to reproductive structures. Global distribution of 7 Acanthophora species: viz. A. aokii, A. dendroides, A. muscoides, A. nayadiformis, A. pacifica, A. ramulosa, and A. spicifera, shows a discontinuous pattern. Although widely distributed species are present (A. muscoides and A. spicifera), a disjunct distribution of other species occurs in the Pacific (A. aokii), Indian Ocean (A. dendroides), East-Atlantic region (A. ramulosa), and the Mediterranean and Red Sea (A. nayadiformis). Information on the historical background of the species distribution can be inferred from the obtained phylogenetic tree.
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Last modified april 24, 2006 by P. Hovenkamp.