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PersooniaPersoonia
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Genera that have been included in the family Thelebolaceae Eckblad are considered for the structure of the apical apparatuses of their asci. In the absence of such information, other characters could sometimes be used to clarify their most likely taxonomic position. The affinities of Cleistothelebolus, Coprobolus, Coprotiella, Dennisiopsis, Lasiobolidium, Lasiothelebolus, Leptokalpion, Mycoarctium, Ochotrichobolus, and Zukalina are discussed.
The ultrastructure of ascus tops has been studied in Thelebolus microsporus, T. coemansii, T. caninus, T. crustaceus, T. polysporus, T. nanus, T. stercoreus, Caccobius minusculus, Lasiobolus pilosus, L. cuniculi, L. monascus, Ascozonus woolhopensis, A. solmslaubachii, Ramgea annulispora, Coprotus lacteus, and Trichobolus zukalii. At least six different types of asci can be distinguished within the fungi studied by electron microscopy. (1) The first (typical) Thelebolus type, in Thelebolus microsporus, T. crustaceus, T. stercoreus, Caccobius, Ramgea, and Pseudascozonus, opening after splitting within the inner wall layer in the apex, mostly accompanied by a central apical thickening. (2) The second Thelebolus type, in T. caninus and T. polysporus, with a breakdown of the inner layer in the apex above the subapical ring, followed by an irregular tear in the outer layer. (3) The third Thelebolus type, in T. microsporus and T. coemansii, with an irregular operculum just above the subapical ring. (4) The Ascozonus type, restricted to Ascozonus, with a very prominent subapical ring and a very small operculum. (5) The Trichobolus type, restricted to the uniascal multi-spored genera Trichobolus and Leptokalpion, without any trace of a subapical ring or weakened zone, showing a very large operculum or an irregular tear, caused by a regular retraction of the outer layer from a circular apical region. (6) The asci of Lasiobolus and Coprotus agree with the earlier defined Octospora type. New combinations were necessary for Thelebolus coemansii and Ascozonus solms-laubachii.
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3. Section Phoma: Taxa with conidia longer than 7 µm
J. de Gruyter, M.E. Noordeloos & G.H. BoeremaEighteen species in section Phoma capable of producing conidia longer than 7 µm are keyed out and described according to their characteristics in vitro. A new combination Phoma aliena (Fr.: Fr.) v.d. Aa & Boerema is proposed. Indices of host-fungus and fungus-host relations and short comments on their ecology and distribution are given.
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The multivariate structure of the Scutellinia umbrorum complex (Pezizales, Ascomycetes), based on the morphometrical parameters of 81 specimens from five ecotopes in the Netherlands, was analysed. According to conventional expert estimation, five putative taxa resp. species were established: S. patagonica (Rehm) Gamundi, S. aff. subhirtella Svrcek, S. umbrorum (Fr.) Lambotte, S. parvispora J. Moravec and S. subhirtella S. Kullman. These taxa form a taxonomic continuum hardly separable by traditional taxonomy. Five clusters obtained by UPGMA (with the generalized J-distance for mixed data as a measure of resemblance) are more distinct and in good accordance with ecological factors; some of them, however, are statistically not well separated. The revision of the clustersí structure by k-means approach yields highly discontinuous clusters. The morphometric characters of specimens differ when going from open habitats to the forest. Differences are also revealed in phenology: the growing season starts in the forest later than in open habitats. The data are divided into two subsets according to spore ornamentation and spore width, the withingroup variation of either subset is caused mainly by the length of marginal hairs. On the basis of several statistical methods a supposition was introduced that the S. umbrorum complex probably consists of two polymorphic species, S. umbrorum (Fr.) Lambotte and S. subhirtella Svrcek s.l., with the mean value of marginal hairs longer than 450 µm and shorter than 450 µm, respectively. The UPGMA clusters can be interpreted as ecodemes of respective species.
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A key to the species of Cystolepiota Sing., and descriptions of C. cystidiosa (A.H. Smith) M. Bon, C. adulterina (F. Mřller) M. Bon, C. hetieri (Boud.) Sing., and C. moelleri Knudsen are given. Four taxonomic revisions were made: 1. type studies of C. cystidiosa, C. luteicystidiata (D. Reid) Knudsen, and Lepiota lycoperdoides Kreisel have revealed these three species to be conspecific; 2. C. adulterina var. reidii (M. Bon) M. Bon is synonymized with C. adulterina; 3. the type collection of C. subadulterina M. Bon appeared to be a mixed collection of C. hetieri and C. adulterina, and 4. the genus Pulverolepiota M. Bon, created to accommodate C. pulverulenta (Huijsman) Vellinga, is reduced to a section of Cystolepiota.
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This short note directs the attention towards a new section and its type species, and two new species of section Fragilipedes (Fr.) Quél. Hydropus flocculinus is transferred to the genus Mycena.
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The first record of Coprinus spadiceisporus Van De Bogart in Europe is described. A study of the type and that of Coprinus roseistipitatus Van De Bogart revealed that both are conspecific, and accordingly the latter name is considered synonymous.
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Marasmius celtibericus G. Moreno & Raitviir, a new species from Spain, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by very small basidiocarps with a smooth hymenophore, somewhat resembling Marasmius cornelii Laessře & Noordel. Microscopically, however, Marasmius celtibericus must be ranged in sect. Hygrometrici on account of the pileipellis.
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Mycena cupressina, found on bark of Cupressus, is proposed as a new species belonging to section Supinae. It is compared to M. corticalis which equally grows on bark of a coniferous tree in North America.
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From Papua New Guinea a new Coprinus is described, which forms basidiocarps and basidiospores in pure culture. It was isolated from material collected on two collecting trips to the area, in 1992 and 1995.
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Last modified April 2, 1998 by P. Hovenkamp.