Persoonia

An International Mycological Journal

Volume 18(3). 2004

Contents of this issue

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A comparison of the application of a biological and phenetic species concept in the Hebeloma crustuliniforme complex within a phylogenetic framework

Duur K. Aanen & Thomas W. Kuyper. Persoonia 18(3): 285-316. 2004.

A method is presented to derive an operational phenetic species concept for the Hebeloma crustuliniforme complex in northwestern Europe. The complex was found to consist of at least 22 biological species (intercompatibility groups; ICGs). Almost none of these biological species could be recognised unambiguously by morphological criteria. It is therefore necessary to base a phenetic species concept on combinations of biological species. However, such species delimitation must be performed within an explicitly phylogenetic context. It is crucial therefore to have a reliable estimate of the phylogeny of 22 biological species in that complex. Based on two nuclear sequences, we present a best estimate of the phylogeny of biological species within the complex. Using this phylogeny, on the basis of strict monophyly only two species can be morphologically recognised among 22 biological species. Relaxing the criterion of monophyly and allowing paraphyletic groupings of biological species as phenetic species would result in the recognition of three phenetic species. A tree, with the five ICGs of the previously defined morphospecies H. crustuliniforme (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) constrained as a monophyletic group, can not be rejected. This constrained tree, together with the relaxed criterion that allows for paraphyletic groupings of biological species, leads to the recognition of four phenetic species, viz. H. crustuliniforme, H. helodes, H. incarnatulum and H. velutipes. These phenetic species are described and a key is provided. Other taxon names are briefly discussed. The very limited ability to translate a biological species concept into an operational phenetic species concept is explained by the lack of qualitative characters and the plasticity of quantitative characters. Recency of common evolutionary history is also a major factor. Intercompatibility tests and DNA based phylogenies indicate that most biological species are very closely related and hence provide support for the claim that correspondence between a biological species concept and a phenetic species concept in the H. crustuliniforme complex is not likely to be forthcoming. In an Appendix morphological descriptions are provided of the 22 ICGs.

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Primordium formation in Hydropus subalpinus (Tricholomatales, Basidiomycetes)

H. Clémençon. Persoonia 18(3): 317-340. 2004.

Hydropus subalpinus is exocarpic amphiblemate. The pubescence of the stipe is a cauloblema that sometimes forms a spurious partial veil in young primordia. The pileoblema becomes a gelatinised pileipellis with a few more or less erect cells on the pileus and a few layers of periclinal physalohyphae on the pileus margin. The stipe and pileus contexts are sarcodimitic, and the morphogenetic function of the physalohyphae during the expansion of the stipe and the pileus is discussed, based on specimens with an aborted sarcodimitic structure. The carpogenesis of Hydropus subalpinus is similar to that of Hydropus anthidepas and Baeospora myosura.

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Notes on the genus Fayodia s.l. (Tricholomataceae) - II. Type studies of European species described in the genera Fayodia and Gamundia

Vladimír Antonín. Persoonia 18(3): 341-364. 2004.

Type studies of all European taxa described or combined in the genera Fayodia and Gamundia (Basidiomycetes, Tricholomataceae) are given. As a result of these studies, a new combination is proposed: Fayodia anthracobia var. bisphaerigerella (M. Lange) Antonín & Noordel.

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Two interesting records of boletes found in coffee plantations in eastern Mexico

Victor M. Bandala, Leticia Montoya & Daniel Jarvio. Persoonia 18(3): 365-380. 2004.

Fresh collections of boletes gathered in coffee plantations from the State of Veracruz (Gulf of Mexico) were investigated. They belong to species of the poroid genus Phlebopus (P. portentosus) and the lamellate genus Phylloboletellus (P. chloephorus). Basidiomata of each species grew on the ground under coffee plants near trees of Enterolobium, Ficus, Inga, and Spondias. The two species are described and illustrated.

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New species of Octospora and some further remarkable bryoparasitic Pezizales from the Netherlands

Dieter Benkert & Emiel Brouwer. Persoonia 18(3): 381-391. 2004.

This article presents an overview of remarkable findings of bryoparasitic Pezizales in the Netherlands collected in the period 1995-2002. These collections provide further insight into the distribution, ecology, morphology and host relationships of the species described, some of which represent unknown taxa. Three new species are described, primarily or exclusively based on collections from the Netherlands: Octospora neerlandica, O. fissidentis and O. nemoralis. The following connections with host-mosses were observed: Tortula ruralis s.str., T. ruraliformis, T. virescens with O. neerlandica, and Fissidens bryoides with O. fissidentis as well as O. nemoralis. As a result of the intensive field survey, the number of species known from the Netherlands has increased from 14 to 40. This indicates that current knowledge on the distribution of bryoparasitic Pezizales is very incomplete in many countries.

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Studies on Russula clavipes and related taxa of Russula section Xerampelinae with a predominantly olivaceous pileus

Slavomír Adamcík. Persoonia 18(3): 393-409. 2004.

Original material of taxa of Russula sect. Xerampelinae with a mainly olivaceous pileus are compared with selected specimens. It is demonstrated that Russula clavipes, thought to be associated exclusively with conifers, may also occur with deciduous trees and grows from the temperate lowlands to arctic areas. Nomenclature and taxonomic status of other names used for similar taxa in this group are discussed. Russula xerampelina var. elaeodes and R. nuoljae are treated as the only validly published synonyms of R. clavipes.

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Basidiome development of Baeospora myosura (Tricholomatales, Basidiomycetes)

H. Clémençon. Persoonia 18(3): 411-419. 2004.

For the first time, the primordial development of a species of Baeospora is described and found to be metablematic, but the spurious partial veil vanishes in mature specimens. The pubescence of the mature stipe is a cauloblema. Although the pileus is described as dry in fully grown fruit-bodies, some young basidiomes have a locally slightly gelatinous pileipellis.

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Chlorogaster dipterocarpi, a new peristomate gasteroid taxon of the Sclerodermataceae

Thomas Læssøe & Leo M. Jalink. Persoonia 18(3): 421-428. 2004.

Chlorogaster dipterocarpi, a striking gasteroid fungus, collected in a dipterocarp forest in Sabah, is described here as new. It is characterized by epigeous, slenderly pyriform basidiomes with a dark green exoperidium consisting of dehiscent, conical warts and a pale green circular peristome, large, dark brown spores with crested ornamentation and a thin-walled hyaline paracapillitium. It clearly belongs to the Sclerodermataceae, but the unusual combination of characters demands for a new genus. A similar but probably unripe fungus from Papua New Guinea might represent a second species belonging to this new genus.

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Notulae ad Floram agaricinam neerlandicam - XLIII. Notes on Agrocybe

M.M. Nauta. Persoonia 18(3): 429-433. 2004.

Within the scope of a revision of the genus Agrocybe for Flora agaricina neerlandica, three new taxa of Agrocybe sect. Pediadae are described. Agrocybe ochracea spec. nov. is characterized by the presence of conspicuous pleurocystidia of different shape and size as the cheilocystidia. A new variety of Agrocybe pediades with a consistently annulate stipe is proposed as A. pediades var. cinctula nov. var. Agrocybe fimicola (Speg.) Singer, characterized by the presence of appendiculate veil at the margin of the cap and occurrence on dung, is reduced to the level of variety.

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Pseudobaeospora lavendulamellata, a new species from Kerala, India

E.J.M. Arnolds, K.M. Leelavathy & P. Manimohan. Persoonia 18(3): 435-438. 2004.

Pseudobaeospora lavendulamellata is described as new. It has been collected several times in Kerala, India. The species is characterised by a combination of relatively stout basidiocarps with violaceous colours, spore-size and the structure of the pileipellis, being a trichodermium turning pale bluish green in KOH.

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