Nauclea orientalis (L.) L.,
Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1 (1762)
Latin for 'from the east', referring to its Asian origin.
Synonyms
Bancalus grandifolius (DC) O.K., Bancalus orientalis (L.)
O.K., Cadamba nocturna Ham. ex Hensch., Cephalanthus foliis oppositis
L., Cephalanthus orientalis L., Nauclea annamensis (Dub. & Eberh.)
Merr., Nauclea coadunata Roxb. ex J.E.Smith, Nauclea cordata Roxb.,
Nauclea elmeri Merr., Nauclea glaberrima Bartl., Nauclea
grandifolia DC, Nauclea leichhardtii F.v.M., Nauclea lutea
Blanco, Nauclea macrophylla Blume, Nauclea minahassae Koord.-Schum.,
Nauclea roxburghii G.Don., Nauclea stipulacea Wall., Nauclea
undulata Roxb., Nauclea wallichiana R.Br., Platanocarpum cordatum
(Roxb.) Korth., Sarcocephalus annamensis Dub. & Eberh., Sarcocephalus
buruensis Miq., Sarcocephalus coadunatus (Roxb. ex J.E.Smith) Druce,
Sarcocephalus cordatus (Roxb.) Miq., Sarcocephalus cordatus var.
mollis Koord. & Valet., Sarcocephalus glaberrimus (Bartl.) Miq.,
Sarcocephalus macrocephalus K.Schum., Sarcocephalus orientalis (L.)
Merr., Sarcocephalus ovatus Elmer, Sarcocephalus papagola Domin.,
Sarcocephalus undulatus (Roxb.) Miq., Sarcocephalus undulatus var.
buruensis (Miq.) Havil.
Description
Sub-canopy tree up to 28 m tall and 50 cm dbh. Stipules ca. 25 mm long, tip
rounded. Leaves opposite, simple, penni-veined, glabrous, sometimes leaf base
cordate. Flowers ca. 8 mm diameter, yellowish, with corolla tube, flowers placed
in globose flower heads. Fruits ca. 30 mm diameter, brownish, fruits fused into
compact fruiting body.
Ecology
In undisturbed to disturbed open sites in mixed dipterocarp, swamp and
coastal forests up to 100 m altitude. Found on alluvial sites, along rivers and
streams and along beaches.
Distribution
From Sri Lanka and Indo-China to New Guinea and Australia. In Borneo
collected in Sabah and East-Kalimantan.
Local names in Borneo
Bankal, Bangkol, Bongkol.
